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                    A medical sign is an objective indication of some medical fact or characteristic that may be detected by a physician during a physical examination of a patient. Here are  some signs which is commonly use in  Medicine :

☞ Aaron’s sign

Thi sign is seen in appendicitis. On firm pressure over the McBurney’s point the patient with appendicitis will feel distress in the epigastrium or precordial region.

☞ Abadie’sign

This is the test of Muscle sense .Compress or squeeze big muscle bellies (calf,` triceps or biceps)and note whether the patient complains of pain (Abadie’sign ).This is the test of pressure sense too.

☞ Adler’s sign

This is seen in Ectopic pregnancy .The abdominal tenderness is fixed ,even  when the patient is turned from side to side.

☞ Albright sign

Metacarpels are shortened in pseudohypoparathyroidism ,  nevoid basal cell carcinoma ,turner and  Larsen .In the presence of short fourth metacarpal ,there will be a dimple at the metacarpophalangeal joint.

☞ Ball sign

It is seen in fetal death .There will be hyperflexion of the spine.

☞ Chvostek’s sign

The facial nerve is tapped at its exit from the stylomastoid foramen. This leads to brief twitching of the facial muscles, ala of the nose and the blinking of the eyelids. .Elevation of the corner of mouth may b e seen.

☞ Cullen sign

A bluish discoloration seen around the umbilicus in patients with acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis.

☞ Flag sign

Flag sign may be seen in Kwashiorkor. The hair will be alternately normal and depigmented. The hair in cases of severe malnutrition will be hypopigmented. As the nutrition improves the pigmentation of the hair will be normal. Hence the hair will be alternately normally pigmented and hypopigmented, giving the appearance of a flag

☞ Gonda sign

Extensor response is elicited after forceful stretching or snapping of distal phalanx of either of the 2nd or 4th toe.

☞ Hick’s sign

This sign is seen in pregnancy. There is light, painless irregular uterine contractions which increase in frequency and intensity as the pregnancy advances.

☞ Kernig’s sign

The patient lies supine .The hip is flexed and the knee is extended passively. In patients with meningitis there will be pain and spasm of hamstrings.

It is positive in meningeal irritation and sub arachnoid haemorrhage. It is relatively less important in infancy and early childhood as it may be negative in spite of meningeal involvement.  However, it is a very useful sign in older children. 

☞ Murphy’s Sign

Ask the patient to breathe in deeply and palpate for gall bladder.  At the height of inspiration the breath is arrested with a gasp as the mass is felt.  This is the sign of acute cholecystitis.

☞ Romana’s sign

in Chaga’s disease ,.there will be unilateral painless oedema of the periorbital tissues .it is due to infection through the conjunctiva.

☞ Rovsing’s sign

In appendicitis, when the abdomen is pressed on the left iliac region ,there will be pain in the right side. This is due to the stretching of the inflamed peritoneum on the right side.