Guidelines for Diagnostic Imaging During Pregnancy

                       The use of imaging techniques in women who are pregnant has increased greatly over the past decade. Some women are exposed to X-rays before the diagnosis of pregnancy. Occasionally, X-ray procedures will be indicated during pregnancy for significant medical problems or trauma.

The following guidelines for X-ray examination or exposure during pregnancy are suggested by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists in its Committee Opinion on “Guidelines for Diagnostic Imaging During Pregnancy” (2014) :
1. Women should be counselled that X-ray exposure from a single diagnostic procedure does not result in harmful fetal effects. Specifically, exposure to less than 5 rad has not been associated with an increase in fetal anomalies or pregnancy loss.
2. Concern about possible effects of high-dose ionizing radiation exposure should not prevent medically indicated diagnostic X-ray procedures from being performed on a pregnant woman. During pregnancy, other imaging procedures not associated with ionizing radiation (e.g., ultrasonography, MRI) should be considered instead of X-rays when appropriate.

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3. Ultrasonography and MRI are not associated with known adverse fetal effects.
4. Consultation with an expert in dosimetry calculation may be helpful in calculating estimated fetal dose when multiple diagnostic X-rays are performed on a pregnant patient.
5. The use of radioactive isotopes of iodine is contraindicated for therapeutic use during pregnancy.
6. Radiopaque and paramagnetic contrast agents are unlikely to cause harm and may be of diagnostic benefit, but these agents should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.


Source
1. OBYGN Blog, Diagnostic Imaging during Pregnancy ]

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