Atenolol is in a group of drugs called beta-blockers. Beta-blockers affect the heart and circulation (blood flow through arteries and veins). Atenolol is used to treat angina (chest pain) and hypertension (high blood pressure). It is also used to treat or prevent heart attack.
You should not use this medication if you are allergic to atenolol, or if you have certain heart conditions such as slow heartbeats, or heart block.
Mechanism of Action
Competitively blocks beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart and juxtoglomerular apparatus. They lead to decreased heart rate decreasing the work load by the heart. They do not produce coronary vasodilatation but lead to a shift and redistribution of coronary circulation to the ischemic areas. It decreases the release of renin from the kidney, thus lowering blood pressure.
Indications
✔ Treatment of angina pectoris due to coronary atherosclerosis
✔ Hypertension, as a step 1 agent, alone or with other drugs, especially diuretics
✔ Treatment of myocardial infarction
✔ Unlabeled uses: prevention of migraine headaches; alcohol withdrawal syndrome, treatment of ventricular arrhythmias.
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- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors
- Contraindications of Beta Blockers [ Mnemonic ]
Adverse Effects
✎ Central Nervous System: Dizziness, vertigo, tinnitus, fatigue, emotional depression, paresthesias, sleep disturbances, hallucinations, disorientation, memory loss, slurred speech
✎ GI: Gastric pain, flatulence, constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, ischemic colitis, renal and mesenteric arterial thrombosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, hepatomegaly, acute pancreatitis
✎ CV: Bradycardia, CHF, cardiac arrhythmias, sinoartial or AV nodal block, tachycardia, peripheral vascular insufficiency, claudication, CVA, pulmonary edema, hypotension
✎ Respiratory: Bronchospasm, dyspnea, cough, bronchial obstruction, nasal stuffiness, rhinitis, pharyngitis (less likely than with propranolol)
✎ GU: Impotence, decreased libido, Peyronie's disease, dysuria, nocturia, frequent urination
✎ MS: Joint pain, arthralgia, muscle cramp
✎ ENT: Eye irritation, dry eyes, conjunctivitis, blurred vision
✎ Dermatologic: Rash, pruritus, sweating, dry skin
Allergic reactions: Pharyngitis, erythematous rash, fever, laryngospasm, respiratory distress
✎ Other: Decreased exercise tolerance, development of antinuclear antibodies, hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia, elevated serum transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and LDH
Contraindications
✘ Presence of sinus bradycardia
✘ Second- or third-degree heart block
✘ Cardiogenic shock
✘ CHF.
✘ Use caution in the presence of renal failure, diabetes or thyrotoxicosis (atenolol can mask the usual cardiac signs of hypoglycemia and thyrotoxicosis), lactation.
Related Article :
- Amlodipine ( Anti-Hypertensive Drug )
- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors
- Contraindications of Beta Blockers [ Mnemonic ]
You should not use this medication if you are allergic to atenolol, or if you have certain heart conditions such as slow heartbeats, or heart block.
Mechanism of Action
Competitively blocks beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart and juxtoglomerular apparatus. They lead to decreased heart rate decreasing the work load by the heart. They do not produce coronary vasodilatation but lead to a shift and redistribution of coronary circulation to the ischemic areas. It decreases the release of renin from the kidney, thus lowering blood pressure.
Indications
✔ Treatment of angina pectoris due to coronary atherosclerosis
✔ Hypertension, as a step 1 agent, alone or with other drugs, especially diuretics
✔ Treatment of myocardial infarction
✔ Unlabeled uses: prevention of migraine headaches; alcohol withdrawal syndrome, treatment of ventricular arrhythmias.
Related Article :
- Amlodipine ( Anti-Hypertensive Drug )
- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors
- Contraindications of Beta Blockers [ Mnemonic ]
Adverse Effects
✎ Central Nervous System: Dizziness, vertigo, tinnitus, fatigue, emotional depression, paresthesias, sleep disturbances, hallucinations, disorientation, memory loss, slurred speech
✎ GI: Gastric pain, flatulence, constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, ischemic colitis, renal and mesenteric arterial thrombosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, hepatomegaly, acute pancreatitis
✎ CV: Bradycardia, CHF, cardiac arrhythmias, sinoartial or AV nodal block, tachycardia, peripheral vascular insufficiency, claudication, CVA, pulmonary edema, hypotension
✎ Respiratory: Bronchospasm, dyspnea, cough, bronchial obstruction, nasal stuffiness, rhinitis, pharyngitis (less likely than with propranolol)
✎ GU: Impotence, decreased libido, Peyronie's disease, dysuria, nocturia, frequent urination
✎ MS: Joint pain, arthralgia, muscle cramp
✎ ENT: Eye irritation, dry eyes, conjunctivitis, blurred vision
✎ Dermatologic: Rash, pruritus, sweating, dry skin
Allergic reactions: Pharyngitis, erythematous rash, fever, laryngospasm, respiratory distress
✎ Other: Decreased exercise tolerance, development of antinuclear antibodies, hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia, elevated serum transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and LDH
Contraindications
✘ Presence of sinus bradycardia
✘ Second- or third-degree heart block
✘ Cardiogenic shock
✘ CHF.
✘ Use caution in the presence of renal failure, diabetes or thyrotoxicosis (atenolol can mask the usual cardiac signs of hypoglycemia and thyrotoxicosis), lactation.
Related Article :
- Amlodipine ( Anti-Hypertensive Drug )
- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors
- Contraindications of Beta Blockers [ Mnemonic ]
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