Saturday, January 2, 2016

Bifid Uvula

                      Bifid uvula (cleft in uvula) means that the tissue that dangles in the back of the throat between the tonsils has two parts instead of one. It is often considered as a marker for sub mucous cleft palate. Compared to the normal one, it has fewer amounts of muscular tissues. It is commonly noticed in infants and is rarely found in adult. This occurs in about 2% of the population. It can cause problems in ear.

Causes
1. The bifid uvula results from incomplete fusion of the palatine shelves but it is considered only a slight form of clefting.
2. A forked uvula may be caused by genetics. In fact, many of the patients with a cleft uvula have at least one family member also affected with the condition in another generation or even in the present or immediate generation.
3. Such a genetic problem could be due to Loeys-Dietz syndrome. This is a very rare genetic syndrome.
4. The incomplete fusion of the medial nasal and maxillary processes.

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Complications
1. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)
2. The soft palate might be undeveloped. Thus, food and liquids could possibly enter the nasal cavity, causing breathing problems and choking.
3. Impaired speech because of the difficulties
4. Abnormalities in moving the soft palate muscles
5. Loss of air in the nose
6. Middle ear infections

Treatment
1. Some patients may opt for the removal of the bifurcated uvula but others would opt for the surgical reconstruction of these abnormal tissues.
2. If the symptom includes speech difficulties, then a speech therapist could possibly help the patient learn how to talk well.
3. Swallowing and feeding problems may also be addressed through appropriate therapy.
4. If there are infections in the ear, it is best to consult a doctor who can provide the necessary medications.

Reference
1. HEALTH TAB
https://www.healthtap.com/topics/bifid-uvula-causes
1. CNN | Health
http://edition.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/expert.q.a/04/12/bifid.uvula.shu/index.html?iref=mpstoryview
2. TANDURUST | Health
http://www.tandurust.com/health-faq-7/bifid-uvula-complications-treatment.html.

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